A Case of Cerebral Hemorrhage with Congenital Arterio-Venous Malformation in a Newborn

Arteriovenous malformation(AVM) is the rare cause of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. It is a congenital vascular lesion that can arising anywhere in the body. We report here on an unusual case of AVM in a full-term newborn infant who has no symptoms except enlarged bulging anterior fontanelle. AVM of other organs or adult cases were reported occasionally, but postoperative surviving intracranial AVM in a newborn infant has not been reported in Korea so far. The hematoma which was in the cortex of left temporal area, was removed surgically and the baby is living well under regular neurological check up.

Accuracy of References in Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society and Journals of the Korean Pediatric Subspecialty Societies and Citation Pattern Analysis

PURPOSE: We tried to check the accuracy of references in the Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society and Journals of the Korean Pediatric Subspecialty Societies. We also wanted to know the citation patterns of authors by analyzing the frequency of cited materials. METHODS: Three journals were randomly selected from the 2000 issues of Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society and nine journals were selected mainly from the second half of 2000 issues of each Journal of the Korean Pediatric Subspecialty Societies for the study. Then the accuracy of references was checked with Medline. Journals before 1964, books, and journals which were not written in English were used only in the citation pattern analysis. RESULTS: Author errors were the most common(21.3%) among the reference elements. The next was title errors, followed by page errors, journal errors, volume errors and year errors. Total average error rate was 34.7% and we were unable to find journals in 89 cases(2.2%). The journal of the Korean Society of Neonatology had the lowest error rate(17.4%) and the journal of the Korean Pediatric Cardiology Society had the highest error rate(53.2%). The reference journals which were published and quoted in the most recent three years were only 612 cases(15%). Foreign journals were selected as reference(78.4%) more than domestic journals; The Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society was the most frequently cited reference(43.3%) among domestic journals. CONCLUSION: Authors are ultimately responsible for the accuracy of references and they should check the reference list with responsibility. Hopefully, authors also will have to use more domestic journals and recent journals.

Relationship between total IgE and Epstein Barr virus infection during infancy and early childhood / 천식및알레르기

BACKGROUND: The 'hygiene hypothesis', the apparent inverse relationship between certain childhood infections and the subsequent development of asthma and atopy, has been gaining attention and is currently now considered one of the most plausible explanations for the cause of asthma and atopy currently. OBJECTIVE: We tried to evaluate the relationship between Epstein Barr virus infection in infancy and early childhood with total IgE, the hallmark of atopy. with these results, we observed the changing pattern of total IgE levels according to the ages that EBV infection occured. METHODS: The study population, a total of 75 patients were divided by age: under 2 years of age, under 3 years of age, under 4 years of age and then they were divided into the two groups : EBNA negative and EBNA positive groups. EBNA and IgE were measured by ELISA and CLA respectively. We analyzed the relationships between age, sex, family history, atopic predisposition, total eosinophils, log IgE, and positivity of EBNA stastically. RESULTS: Prevalence of EBNA positivity was 26% in children 1-3 years of age. Among the six variables, log IgE showed statistically significant difference in the two groups under 2 years of age and under 3 years of age. In the group of under 2 years of age, mean log IgE in EBNA positive group was 0.7 IU/mL and EBNA negative group was 1.3 IU/mL, these differences were significant statistically (p<0.05). In the group of under 3 years of age , mean log IgE in EBNA positive group was 0.8 IU/mL and EBNA negative group was 1.5 IU/mL, these differences were statistically significant(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study showed that Ebstein Barr virus infection before 3 years of age is associated with lower log IgE. This means that there is a possibility of a negative influence in the prevalence of allergic disease by EBV infection in children before 3 years of age.